King Salaah-Uddin Ayyoobi was the founder of the Kingdom. He is one of the most famous conquerors and rulers not only in the history of Islam but also in the history of the world. He was born in 1138 in the city of Tikrit in present-day Iraq. Under his leadership, the Abyssinian Empire ruled Egypt, Syria, Yemen, Iraq, the Hijaz, and Diyarbakir. Salahuddin Ayubi is respected not only by Muslims but also by Christians for his bravery, generosity, good character, generosity and tolerance. Salahuddin is called the Conqueror of Jerusalem, who liberated Jerusalem from the European forces in 1187 by defeating them. Is included. Initially, he was a military officer under Sultan Noor-ud-Din Zangi. Salahuddin was also in the army that conquered Egypt and its commander was the uncle of Sher Koh Salahuddin. After the conquest of Egypt, Salahuddin was appointed ruler of Egypt in 564 AH. In the same period, in 569 AH, he also conquered Yemen. After the death of Nooruddin Zangi, as he had no worthy children, Salahuddin came to power.
Salahuddin also attacked Nooruddin in his deeds. It was full of the spirit of jihad and the conquest of Jerusalem was his greatest desire. After Egypt, Salahuddin conquered Syria, Mosul, Aleppo, etc. by 1182 and incorporated them into his empire. Meanwhile, a four-year peace treaty had been signed with Crusader Reynolds, under which the two were obliged to help each other, but the treaty was only a formality. The Crusaders continued to provoke and plunder the Muslim caravans.
In a similar attack on 1186 Christians, Reynolds dared to attack the Holy Hijaz along with many other Christian princes in order to attack Medina. Salahuddin Ayubi took steps to stop his activities and immediately chased Reynolds and set him on fire in Hattin. Here the Sultan poured a flammable substance on the enemy's army which ignited a fire on the ground. Thus, in this fiery atmosphere, in 1187, the most terrible war in history began at Hattin. Thirty thousand Christians were killed and as many were taken prisoner as a result of this war. Reynolds was arrested and beheaded by the Sultan. After the war, Islamic forces invaded Christian areas.
Conquest of Jerusalem After the conquest of Hattin, Salahuddin returned to Jerusalem. After a week of bloody fighting, the Christians surrendered and begged for mercy. Jerusalem was recaptured by Muslims 91 years later, and Christian rule was abolished in all of Palestine. The conquest of Jerusalem was a great achievement of Salahuddin Ayubi. He entered Al-Aqsa Mosque and placed the pulpit prepared by Nooruddin in the mosque with his own hand. In this way, Nur al-Din's wish was fulfilled by his hands. Salah al-Din did not enter Jerusalem and commit the atrocities committed by the Christian forces during the occupation of this city. Salahuddin entered Jerusalem as an ideal conqueror. He took ransom money and gave it to every Christian and the ransom money of the poor who could not pay the ransom was paid by Salahuddin and his brother Malik Adil himself. With the capture of Jerusalem, the Christian rule of Jerusalem, which had been established in Palestine since 1099, came to an end. Soon after, the whole of Palestine came under the control of the Muslims.
Jerusalem was occupied by Muslims for about 761 consecutive years. In 1948, a conspiracy was hatched by the United States, Britain, and France to establish a Jewish state in the Palestinian territories, and half of Jerusalem fell to the Jews. Jerusalem was occupied by the Israelis in the 1967 Arab-Israeli War. The Third Crusade Preparations for battle began on all sides. Troops from Germany, Italy, France and England began to leave for Palestine. King Richard of England, known for his bravery, and King Philip Augustus of France arrived in Palestine with their armies. The number of this united European army was 600,000. King Frederick Barbarossa of Germany was also with them in this campaign. The Christian world had not yet provided such an innumerable army. ...
This great army left Europe and laid siege to the port of Aqa. Although Sultan Salahuddin alone had completed all the arrangements for the security of Aqa, the Crusaders were constantly receiving help from Europe. Ten thousand Christians in one battle Killed but the Crusaders continued the siege but since no other Islamic country extended a helping hand to the Sultan, the crusade blockade severed the relationship between the people of the city and the Sultan and the Sultan could not help the Muslims despite his best efforts. ۔ Frustrated, the townspeople agreed to hand over the city to the Christians on the promise of peace. An agreement was reached between the parties, according to which the Muslims promised to pay 200,000 ashrafs as ransom, and the Muslims surrendered, setting the conditions for the return of the Great Cross and 500 Christian prisoners. Muslims were allowed. They left the city with all their belongings, but Richard disobeyed and killed the besiegers.
After Acre, the Crusaders turned to the Palestinian port of Ashkelon. By the time they reached Ashkelon, the Christians had fought the Sultan eleven or twelve times. The most important battle was that of Arsov. The Sultan gave brilliant examples of bravery and valor, but since no Muslim rulers.
No help came from the government, especially from the Caliph of Baghdad. Therefore, the Sultan had to retreat. On his return, the Sultan destroyed the city of Ashkelon himself. And when the Crusaders arrived, they found nothing but a pile of bricks. Meanwhile, the Sultan completed preparations to protect Jerusalem, which was now the target of the Crusaders. The Sultan, with his small army, faced such a large Lao army with great courage and fortitude. When there was no hope of victory, the Crusaders called for peace. A peace treaty was signed between the two sides, thus ending the Third Crusade
